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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pribor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Приборостроение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Instrument Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-3454</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0381</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/0021-3454-2025-68-8-668-679</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pribor-398</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЕ И УПРАВЛЯЮЩИЕ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION-MEASURING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод идентификации дефектов в нелинейных системах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Method for Fault Identifying in Nonlinear Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабанов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Кабанов — канд. техн. наук, доцент; научно-исследовательская лаборатория „Робототехника и интеллектуальные системы управления“; зав. лабораторией</p><p>Севастополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei A. Kabanov — PhD, Associate Professor; Research Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>Sevastopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kabanovaleksey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жирабок</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhirabok</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Нилович Жирабок — д-р техн. наук, профессор; департамент автоматики и робототехники; профессор</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei N. Zhirabok — Dr. Sci., Professor; Department of Automation and Robotics</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhirabok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Валерьевич Зуев — д-р техн. наук, доцент; лаборатория интеллектуальных систем; зав. лабораторией</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Zuev — Dr. Sci., Associate Professor; Laboratory of intelligent systems; Head of the Laboratory</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alvzuev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филаретов</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filaretov</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Федорович Филаретов — д-р техн. наук, профессор; лаборатория робототехнических систем</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir F. Filaretov — Dr. Sci., Professor; Laboratory of Robotic systems; Head of the Laboratory</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">filaretov@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Севастопольский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sevastopol State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дальневосточный федеральный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Federal University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем морских технологий ДВО РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Marine Technology Problems, the Far Eastern Branch of the RAS</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт автоматики и процессов управления ДВО РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Automation and Control Processes, the Far Eastern Branch of the RAS</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>668</fpage><lpage>679</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/398">https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/398</self-uri><abstract><p>Решена задача оценивания величины дефектов в нелинейных динамических системах при наличии внешних возмущений. При решении используются метод оптимального управления на основе преобразования исходной системы к редуцированной линейной системе специального вида, чувствительной к дефектам и нечувствительной к возмущениям. В отличие от скользящих наблюдателей, традиционно используемых для решения этой задачи, предложенный метод позволяет избежать высокочастотных переключений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of estimating the magnitude of faults in nonlinear dynamic systems in the presence of external disturbances is solved. The solution uses optimal control methods based on the transformation of the original system to a reduced linear system of a special type, sensitive to faults and insensitive to disturbances. Unlike sliding observers, traditionally used to solve this problem, the proposed approach allows avoiding high-frequency switching.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нелинейные системы</kwd><kwd>дефекты</kwd><kwd>идентификация</kwd><kwd>наблюдатели</kwd><kwd>оптимальные системы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonlinear systems</kwd><kwd>faults</kwd><kwd>identification</kwd><kwd>observers</kwd><kwd>optimal systems</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана грантом Российского научного фонда (проект № 25-29-00634, https://rscf.ru/project/25-29-00634/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 25-29-00634, https://rscf.ru/project/25-29-00634/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кабанов А. 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