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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pribor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Приборостроение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Instrument Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-3454</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0381</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/0021-3454-2026-69-6-523-533</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pribor-549</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РОБОТЫ, МЕХАТРОНИКА И РОБОТОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ROBOTS, MECHATRONICS AND ROBOTIC SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вычислительное проектирование робота-квадропеда: алгоритм оптимизации параметров вращательных приводов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Computational design of a quadroped: an algorithm for optimizing rotary drive parameters</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Вячеславович Насонов — факультет систем управления и робототехники, Международная лаборатория биомехатроники и энергоэффективной робототехники; инженер; ведущий инженер-разработчик</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill V. Nasonov — Faculty of Control Systems and Robotics, International Laboratory of Biomechatronics and Energy-Efficient Robotics; Engineer</p><p>St. Petersburg; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvnasonov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каканов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kakanov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Александрович Каканов — канд. техн. наук; главный инженер-разработчик</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Kakanov — PhD; Sber Robotics Center; Chief Development Engineer</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makakanov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия Алексеевна Скворцова —  факультет систем управления и робототехники, Международная лаборатория биомехатроники и энергоэффективной робототехники; инженер; ведущий инженер-разработчик</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria A. Skvortsova — Faculty of Control Systems and Robotics, International Laboratory of Biomechatronics and Energy-Efficient Robotics; Engineer; Lead Development Engineer</p><p>St. Petersburg; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.skvortsova@innopolis.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Игоревич Борисов — канд. техн. наук, факультет систем управления и робототехники, Международная лаборатория биомехатроники и энергоэффективной робототехники; профессор практики; исполнительный директор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan I. Borisov — PhD; Faculty of Control Systems and Robotics, International Laboratory of Biomechatronics and Energy-Efficient Robotics; Professor of Practice; Executive Director</p><p>St. Petersburg; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisovii@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО; Центр робототехники Сбера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University; Sber Robotics Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр робототехники Сбера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sber Robotics Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>523</fpage><lpage>533</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/549">https://pribor.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/549</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен алгоритм вычислительного проектирования, предназначенный для поиска оптимальных параметров вращательных приводов локомоционных роботов, удовлетворяющих требованиям по производительности и поведению. Антропоморфные роботы, роботы-квадропеды и так называемые роботы общего назначения оснащаются педипуляторными механизмами для перемещения в неструктурированной и априори неизвестной среде. Предъявляемые к ним требования по грузоподъемности, динамичности, энергоэффективности, безопасности и эстетике могут противоречить друг другу. Например, эстетика предполагает минимизацию габаритных размеров приводов, грузоподъемность требует увеличения передаточного отношения, а это повышает отраженную инерцию и потери на трение, пагубно влияя на динамичность и энергоэффективность. Во внешнем цикле предложенного алгоритма выполняется поиск оптимальных параметров вращательных приводов по общей массе и передаточному числу приводов. Регрессионные модели, обученные на паспортных данных коммерческих приводов, восстанавливают ключевые параметры, такие как номинальный и пиковые крутящие моменты, отраженная инерция, постоянная двигателя, оценка габаритных размеров приводов и коэффициент полезного действия редуктора. Во внутреннем цикле предложенного алгоритма решается задача траекторной оптимизации для полной модели динамики робота с ограничениями по моменту, скорости, кинематике и контактам путем оценки энергии через электрическую модель с разделением электрических потерь и потерь на трение. Предложенный алгоритм апробирован на решении задачи проектирования робота-квадропеда. На вход алгоритма поступают параметры поведения (ходьбы, динамических движений, таких как прыжок) и производительности (например, при работе с полезной нагрузкой). На выход алгоритм выдает оценки физических параметров, набор которых достаточен для конструкторской проработки. Верификация параметров выполнена с помощью средств имитационного моделирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An algorithm of computational design for finding optimal parameters for rotary drives of locomotion robots that meet performance and behavioral requirements, is presented. Anthropomorphic robots, quadrupeds, and so-called general-purpose robots are equipped with pedipulatory mechanisms for navigating unstructured and a priori unknown environments. The requirements imposed on the mechanisms in terms of load capacity, dynamics, energy efficiency, safety and aesthetics may contradict each other. For example, aesthetics involves minimizing the overall dimensions of the drives, the load capacity requires an increase in gear ratio, and this increases reflected inertia and friction losses, adversely affecting dynamics and energy efficiency. In the external cycle of the proposed algorithm, the optimal parameters of rotary drives are searched for by the total weight and gear ratio of the drives. Regression models trained on the passport data of commercial drives recover key parameters such as nominal and peak torques, reflected inertia, motor constant, estimated overall dimensions of the drives and the efficiency of the gearbox. In the internal cycle of the proposed algorithm, the trajectory optimization problem is solved for a complete model of robot dynamics with limitations on torque, velocity, kinematics and contacts by estimating energy through an electrical model with separation of electrical losses and friction losses. The proposed algorithm is tested to solve the problem of designing a quadroped. The algorithm’s input data include behavioral characteristics (walking, dynamic movements such as jumping) and performance parameters (for example, when handling a payload). The algorithm’s output is a set of physical parameter estimates sufficient for design considerations. Verification of the parameters is performed using simulation tools.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>локомоционные роботы</kwd><kwd>траекторная оптимизация</kwd><kwd>численная оптимизация</kwd><kwd>электропривод</kwd><kwd>вычислительное проектирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>locomotion robots</kwd><kwd>trajectory optimization</kwd><kwd>numerical optimization</kwd><kwd>electric drive</kwd><kwd>computational design</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsagarakis N. G., Caldwell D. G. Development and control of a ‘soft-actuated’exoskeleton for use in physiotherapy and training // Autonomous Robots. 2003. Vol. 15, N 1. P. 21–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsagarakis N.G., Caldwell D.G. 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