A technique for launching a spacecraft from a low-orbit platform to a geostationary orbit is presented. The efficiency of the proposed technique is assessed. When testing the technique, the additional mass of the docking unit and the approach control system is taken into account. The results obtained indicate a significant increase in the mass of the payload being launched and a decrease in the mass of the fuel consumed when using the presented technique.

A method for calculating the directivity coefficient of the Widrow adaptive antenna array under various signal- noise conditions is described. The proposed approach is used in energy calculations of a radio link based on a vector of weight coefficients. The results of computer modeling are presented, confirming the practical significance of the approach considered.

The experience of using geospatial data processing and visualization tools in developing evacuation route schemes within the framework of the Almaty — Safe City program is reviewed. The seismic activity of Almaty is analyzed and the need to implement advanced methods for improving population safety is substantiated. Preprocessing and verification of source data, geocoding using the Python programming language and the GeoPy library for converting text addresses into geographic coordinates are considered. Combined algorithms for calculating optimal routes, methods for optimizing the export of layouts using the QGIS geographic information system, taking into account the topographic and infrastructural features of the city, are used. The automation of layout creation is carried out using the Atlas tool. Layouts of information signs with text and graphic information are developed to facilitate navigation and evacuation of the population. The effectiveness of the developed routes is confirmed in real conditions during the earthquake in January 2024, which demonstrates the practical significance of the research and implemented solutions.

Calculation of a digital tracking system (DTS) with the use of approximate compensation of the poles of the system continuous part (CP) lying in the stability region by the filter zeros of the its discrete part is considered. Unlimited increase in the compensation accuracy with decreasing sampling period theoretically allows making the linearized DTS model invariant with compensation of only the speed error. The simulation model of the DTS constructed in the MatLab Simulink system allows reducing its calculation to the selection of the CP conversion coefficient, sampling period, and parameter of the astatic discrete low-pass filter in the feedforward circuit based on the differences in the reference action.

An original method and a prototype of the software toolbox for designing neuromorphic processors are presented. The method is based on a high-level description of the hardware with explicit (at the source code level) allocation of pipeline transaction flows circulating inside the hardware structure and separation of the computations performed in this case from the logic of dynamic scheduling and flow control. This approach allows flexible combination of data processing algorithms with up-to-date mechanisms for improving performance and energy consumption in the hardware microarchitecture, effective sharing of responsibilities in the development of complex hardware, and reuse of auto-configurable microarchitectural structures. A formalization of the transaction concept (in a given context), a hardware design route based on transactions, and an algorithm for synthesizing the RTL design of neuromorphic processors based on “transactional” descriptions are proposed. A prototype of the software toolbox for synthesizing processors built on a framework for software-controlled hardware generation is described. The application of the proposed method and CAD components is demonstrated using the example of the development of an original neuromorphic processor executing models of fully connected pulse neural networks. This development confirms the achievability of competitive hardware characteristics with a significant improvement in project manageability, code reuse, a reduction in the number of errors and the overall labor intensity of design.

Presented are the results of development and production of an electro-optical modulator based on the Pockels effect, which is observed in nonlinear optical media with double refraction and consists in a linear change in the refractive index of an extraordinary ray depending on the external electric field strength. Using the Pockels effect and the interference of ordinary and extraordinary rays, it becomes possible to control the transparency of a nonlinear optical medium. Lithium niobate LiNbO3 is chosen as the optical nonlinear material. The stages of development of the technological process, production of the optical modulator, including mathematical modeling, manufacturing products from nonlinear lithium niobate crystals are considered. The mathematical model of the Pockels effect is systematized using uniaxial crystals as an example. The modeling results are used to design electro-optical modulators. The technological process of sawing, grinding and polishing a lithium niobate crystal is described, a method for grinding the crystal with powder of different fractions of aluminum oxide is proposed. The body of the electro-optical modulator is manufactured by photopolymer printing. Modulation control is performed by means of an external electric field from the manufactured power supply unit. The results of experiments on recording conoscopic images are presented, the visual analysis of which shows the high quality of the lithium niobate crystal and the absence of internal defects. The studies of the electro- optical modulator demonstrate a sufficiently high correspondence between the experimental results and the described theoretical model.

A thermal lens in an optical system generating powerful continuous radiation in the near-IR range (λ = 1.07 μm) is investigated. The objective of the work is to select a material for manufacturing elements of a bench optical system being developed for investigations of the destruction threshold of optical materials by continuous laser radiation, based on results of numerical modeling of the thermal lens effect. N-BK7 optical colorless glass, Suprasil synthetic fused quartz, and calcium fluoride (CaF2) are considered as the material of the optical elements. The processes of heating and deformation of the optical elements are modeled using the finite element method. Using the ray tracing method, the analysis of beam wavefront distortions is performed and defocusing is calculated. The contribution of thermal deformations of the working surfaces of the elements and the temperature change in the refractive index of the material to the distortion of the wave front of transmitted radiation is analyzed. The effect of thermal aberrations on the size of the working beam is analyzed. The obtained results can be useful in selecting optical materials for elements of optical systems of high-power lasers.

The ways of optimizing the operation of the anticorrosive protection system for extended buried main pipelines are considered. The mathematical model of the system, which is formed in the self-diagnostics mode and allows to operate the system in the self-tuning mode, is modernized. The new mathematical model is relevant and allows to correctly use both traditional methods of parametric optimization according to the criterion of minimizing the total current of all cathodic protection stations of the system, and structural optimization according to the criterion of increasing the service life of the system based on the forecast of the state of the system elements.

The object of the study is the analysis of photo and video images obtained using a special optical sensor to determine the presence of petroleum products in liquids. The following research methods were used: machine (computer) vision, object detection, color correction, contour search, and digital image processing. The Java 8 programming language and the Java Swing, OpenCV 3.4.10, Processing frameworks were used in the development of the software package.