SIGNAL PROCESSING IN THERMOVISION AND THERMOLOCATION APPARATUS
CORRECTION OF INFRARED IMAGES ON THE BASE OF REAL-TIME STATISTICAL DATA PROCESSING
Sergey M. Borzov, Victor I. Kozik, Oleg I. Potaturkin
11
Infrared image correction for non-uniform sensitivity of separate elements in linear photodector array using statistical real-time analysis of the images is considered. Comparison is performed of adaptive methods (based on analysis of a neighborhood of corrected element) and non-adaptive approaches (employing statistics of intensity distribution throughout the entire frame). A multi-point correction method is suggested which involves an approximation of characteristic curves of photo detector elements.
A GAIN IN EFFICIENCY OF LASER LOCATOR OF OPTICAL SYSTEMS
Andrey V. Golitsyn
18
A method is described, which makes it possible to increase efficiency of laser locator of optical devices. The approach employs temporally constant illumination to provide a high search rate at low detection range, and pulse-gated illumination to ensure high detection range at low search rate. Thus, the proposed method combines high search rate of constant illumination with relatively high detection range. Automatic range scanning in adjustable limits is introduced to improve the classical principle of pulse-gated illumination. Additional advantage is provided by redistribution of average power of laser emitter from short-range zone (where it is excessive) to long-range zone (where it is insufficient).
CALIBRATION OF TELEVISION MEASURING DEVICES AT INACCESSIBLE OBJECTS
Victor I. Kozik, Evgeny S. Nezhevenko
21
A method is proposed for calibration of television measuring instrument based on employment of graphic reference object positioned in hard-to-get-at spots. The developed method makes it possible to carry out calibration of the instrument without precise positioning and orientation of reference object.
TWO-CHANNEL PSEUDOBINOCULAR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR POTENTIAL HAZARD DETECTION
Andrey V. Golitsyn, Peter V. Zhuravlev, Harry E. Zhurov, Alexander V. Koryakin, Alexander P. Chikhonadskikh , Victor B. Shlishevsky, Tatyana V. Yashina
27
A two-channel optoelectronic device for border-guard and law-enforcement units is developed. The device is intended for potential threat detection in patrolled area outside effective rifle fire range at day and night illumination conditions. The thermal imaging channel makes it possible to detect a human activity and moving vehicles, while laser locator channel is applied for detection of optical devices.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF UNIVERSAL OPTICAL-ELECTRONIC OBSERVATION DEVICES
Nikolay N. Mordvin, Gennady N. Popov
34
Concept is considered of general design of multi-purpose optical-electronic observation devices. For a perspective multichannel optical-electronic system (OES), the structure of applied channels is justified. The system applicability at day-time and night conditions, as well as at hard weather conditions is discussed. Several problems of OES efficiency enhancement, improvement of obtained images, and detection of disguised objects.
PSEUDO-COLOR EYEPIECE FOR NIGHT VISION DEVICES
Mikhail F. Noskov, Victor B. Shlishevsky
39
A pseudo-color eyepiece for night vision instruments of various purposes is developed. The eyepiece incorporates a special illumination facility directing to observer’s eye a polychromatic light beam with irradiance uniformly distributed across the field of view.
OPTICAL SYSTEMS AND ELEMENTS OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES
OFF-AXIS VOLUME HOLOGRAPHIC OPTICAL ELEMENTS FOR INFRARED
Yuri T. Batomunkuev, Nikolay A. Mescheryakov
43
Peculiarities of recording of off-axis volume holographic optical element (HOE) used as a one-component lens for near infrared are considered. It is shown experimentally that aberrations of reference and object waves, appearing at the stage of the HOE recording, are more than an order of magnitude smaller than the laser wavelength. Measured values of transverse aberration HOE are close to calculated data. It is noted that increase in signal-to-noise ratio of an off-axis volume HOE extends detection range of infrared radiation sources.
STUDY OF BASIC TWO-LENS COMPONENTS OF HIGH-APPERTURE OBJECTIVES FOR MODERN IMAGE INTENSIFIERS
Sergey V. Oleynik, Tatyana N. Hatsevich
48
High resolution of modern image intensifiers is afforded by high-quality correction of residual aberrations in the lenses. For basic two-element components of the lenses made of Russian optical glass, calculations of relative values of partial and secondary dispersions in the range from 0,6 to 0,9 μm are performed. The set of basic two-element components with relative aperture of 1: 3—1 : 2,5, achromatized for the spectral interval, may serve as a basis for calculation of high-aperture lenses designed for modern image intensifier tube of II and III generations.
CHROMATIC PROPERTIES OF MANGIN MIRROR OBJECTIVE IN SEVERAL RANGES OF A SPECTRUM
Marina P. Egorenko, Victor S. Efremov
53
Zinc selenide catadioptric lenses for 0,5—12 μm range are considered. Analysis of chromatic properties of Mangin mirror simultaneously in both visible and thermovision (3—5 and 8—12 μm) spectral ranges are carried out for various combinations of construction parameters. Plots of chromatic sums vs width and curvature radius of optical surfaces are presented. Areas of minimal variation of chromatic sums with construction parameters are determined for the best compensation of chromatic aberrations in the system of ”collecting lens with Mangin mirror + meniscus“.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTICAL SYSTEM WITH DISCRET CHANGE OF FOCAL LENGTH
Sergey V. Oleynik, Tatyana N. Hatsevich
58
Development of high-aperture lens with the possibility to change discretely its focal length is a challenge for designer of IR apparatus. A parametric model is proposed for thin-component lens with discrete variation of focal length, minimal number of moving elements, and fixed system length and rear aperture angle. With the use of the model, fast lenses with discretely variable focal length in the range of 8—12 mm was developed. Evaluation of image quality is based on comparison of real lens MTF with diffraction-limited MTF of an ideal lens.
TUNABLE MULTIPLEX OPTICAL FILTERS
Vladimir V. Chesnokov, Dmitry V. Chesnokov, Dmitry M. Nikulin
63
The problem of development of optical filters with a transmission band tunable throughout the entire visible range is considered. Calculations are performed for micromechanically controlled tunable multiplex optical filters with the design bandwidth of 10 Å.
TECHNOLOGY OF MANUFACTURING OF NANOSIZED STRUCTURES AND OPTOELECTRONIC ELEMENTS
LASER APPLICATION FOR NANOSTRUCTURE FORMATION
Dmitry V. Chesnokov, Vladimir V. Chesnokov
69
Perspective laser-based methods of formation of ordered nanostructure arrays are analysed. The methods under consideration make use of relatively inexpensive technique based on application of nanosecond pulsed laser.
HIGH-POWER CW SOURCE OF EXTREME VUV RADIATION FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERI
Valery I. Donin
74
Application of existing sources of CW extreme VUV radiation is restricted by their large size, low efficiency, high cost, and small irradiated area. A novel type of arc-discharge source of extreme VUV radiation (75—10 nm) with the power of ~ 10 kW and efficiency of ~ 10 % (at least for the range of 70—30 nm) is described. The new sources are easy to manufacture; they have a lifetime of about 1000 h and are capable of irradiating samples with total surface area of ~ 0,1—1 m2.
IN SITU ELLIPSOMETRY OF GROWING MCT-BASED NANOSCALE HETEROSTRUCTURES
Vasily A. Shvets, Sergey V. Rykhlitskii, Evgeny V. Spesivtsev, Nikolay N. Mikhailov
78
Development of ellipsometric instrumentation is reviewed, and analysis of data of in situ ellipsometry of CdxHg1-xTe structures during molecular beam epitaxy is presented. An automatic ellipsometer adapted for the measurements is developed on the base of static optical scheme. A high operation speed allows application of the ellipsometer to technological control during structure growth. Experimental results and numerical calculations are presented demonstrate applicability to growth of layered nanostructures of homogeneous layers as well as of layers with assigned distribution of composition across the layer thickness.
