Peculiarities of the dynamic programming method application to development of optimal algorithms of diagnostics of systems with all kinds of constraints are considered. An example of design of an algorithm which is optimal according to the criterion of maximum average probability of correct decision on the technical condition of the system is presented. Special attention is paid to formation and constraint checking in the intermediate phase states.

The problem of estimation of efficiency of exploitation of perspective aircraft by a limited number of field tests is considered. Application of the method of experimental information priority is proposed to improve the quality of the estimates; the method allows to combine all available a priori and empirical data on characteristics of the studied samples. Analytical expressions for a posteriori estimates are derived. An example confirming efficiency of the developed approach to estimation of aircraft characteristics when it is impossible to carry out a complete test is presented.

The problem of increasing the number of a spacecraft passes above a given observation area for several days a row through the spacecraft maneuvering is considered. Analytical expressions relating duration of observation time gap in days and the latitudinal width characteristic of the swath are presented. The gap areas based on quasi-synchronous orbits are constructed. It is shown that different conditions of observation of a given region (observation gap expressed in days or the time of maximal break in the observation) are realized depending on relation between the mutually simple numbers q and p characterizing the quasi-synchronous orbit. The speed control pulse to change period of the spacecraft revolution is evaluated and orbits allowing an improvement of observation conditions are specified.

The problem of improvement of dynamic characteristics of power gyroscopic instruments is considered, the instruments serve as executive organs providing control over spatial movement of spacecraft relative to its mass center. The proposed approach is based on introduction to the system of executive electric drive a nonlinear control laws. For a modern gyrodine, the structure of digital executive electric drive build on the basis of classic linear controllers is analyzed. A universal algorithm of replacement of linear PID controller (proportional-integral-derivative controller) with a non-linear fuzzy-logic controller of PID-type is presented. An increase in accuracy and speed of operation of the gyrodine with fuzzy control is demonstrated by presented results of mathematical simulation.

A gyrotachometer is designed for measurement of mobile object angular velocities. The sensor possesses a number of advantages over the traditional ones. The main distinctive feature of the proposed prototype is that the gyrounit of the sensor is mounted on bearings having a small moment of resistance of elastic character; the bearings may be tuned to obtain desirable counteracting moment.

A method reducing errors in surface gradient calculation is presented. The method is independent of employed model of light reflection and therefore extends the spectrum of scanning surfaces. The error reduction is due to increase in number of images obtained with the technique similar to the HDR imaging. Effectiveness and optimal parameters of the proposed method are evaluated for two test objects with the use of computer modeling of the scanning process. An analytical model for reflection and five light source configuration are used.

The technical and economic problem of arrangement optimization for reactive power compensation in electric distribution network of special object is formulated. The desired solution to the problem has to account for the controversial requirements to power distribution electric networks design and exploitation. Assumptions simplifying the problem and do not lead to significant errors in the results are defined. An effective method for the problem solution is presented. Characteristics of results on the compensation devices power and location obtained in the process of optimization problem solving are assessed.

An information model of optical-location signals space is proposed. The space is supposed to be quasi-deterministic with independent random variables. A quantitative measure of information value is introduced via a solution to the variational problem in the probability density function for the parameter under consideration to minimize the average risk, the solution being obtained by the Lagrange multipliers method. Dependence of the information value in optical signal space on related angular width of measuring system observation field at various laws of error distribution is considered.

Principe of operation, curing and training effects of application of devices for binocular vision improvement and strabismus correction are described. The training devices may be used independently in the case of minor disturbances of binocular vision, or serve as an auxiliary mean to support the effect of corresponding surgery procedure.

The process of checking a DRC (Design Rule Checker) program module in electronic design automation (EDA) system Altium Designer is described. Analysis of most common errors in designing printed circuit boards (PCB) with Altium Designer 2015 is carried out: violation of signal completeness, deviation in the size of gaps between objects in conductive (metallized) layers, presence of antennas, violation of hole size of and maximal height of components, lack of testing points, the presence of unwired electrical connections and short circuits, location of marking (text in silkscreen layer) outside the plate contour. Most suitable methods for correction of each of the errors in PCB design are proposed. The methods are suitable for all EDA. 

A theoretical model of temperature field arising at laser reshaping of the nasal septum during septohondrocorrection surgery is developed. The temperature values allowing efficiency and safety of the surgery, and retaining the nasal septum functionality are determined. The efficiency of the control system used during the surgery has been investigated. The optimal dose and time of laser irradiation to achieve relaxation of cartilage without burns of the nasal septum mucous membranes are defined. 

The questions of mathematical modeling of geometrical parameters checkup using diffraction methods for structures of different materials consisting of repetitive elements are considered.

Functions of automatic closed type blood analyzer are defined; structure of such an analyzer is developed. The analyzer is expected to significantly improve the quality, reliability and reproducibility of the clinical research results, as well as to standardize and unify the process of research and to exclude the "human factor". Comparative analysis of the analyzer to be designed with analogues demonstrate that  automated systems for clinical diagnostics developed by domestic producers do not meet all requirements of the modern market, and foreign developments are highly specialized and do not allow to solve the whole complex of tasks in clinical research. Production of automated systems for immunosorbent assay is shown to be a relevant and promising task. The proposed block diagram was developed to provide implementation of the required functions within minimized weight and size parameters; an element base of the blood analyzer is selected. A reasonable choice of executive and measuring devices, the equipment flushing system, and reagents dispensing system is presented.